Energy Shocks and Energy Security: Lessons for Vietnam
Vietnam is not simply adopting a textbook ETS. Instead, it is building a: “state-embedded carbon market”, combining market incentives with strong institutional control.
Policy insight: Vietnam Carbon Market Development
Recent geopolitical tensions, particularly in the Middle East, are once again exposing the vulnerability of global energy systems. For Vietnam—an increasingly energy-importing economy—these developments highlight a deeper issue: energy security is no longer just about ensuring supply, but about managing exposure to volatility.
Beyond Hanoi: Vietnam’s Air Pollution Needs a National Fix
Key Insights
· Up to 65% of Hanoi’s air pollution comes from outside the city.
· Current urban measures are necessary but insufficient on their own.
· Agriculture and informal recycling are major, under-regulated sources.
· Vietnam’s carbon market (2025–2029) is a critical policy lever.
· A coordinated national strategy is essential for lasting impact.